Trifluoroethylxanthate as an Analytical Reagent: AAS of Zinc,Antimony and Lead After Coprecipitation of Their Trifluoroethylxanthates onto Microcyrstalline Naphthalene

Abstract

A sensitive method has been developed for the direct atomic absorption spectrometric determination of zinc, antimony and lead after coprecipitation of their trifluoroethylxanthates onto microcrystalline naphthalene. The metal xanthates are quantitatively coprecipitated over the pH ranges: Zn, 5.9–8.4; Sb, 4.0–6.0 and Pb, 4.0–11.0. The solid mass consisting of the metal complex and naphthalene is dissolved in DMF. This solution is aspirated into an air-acetylene flame at 213.9, 217.6 and 217.0nm for Zn, Sb and Pb, respectively. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range 2–50, 3–90 and 5–60 μg of Zn, Sb and Pb, respectively in 10ml of the final DMF solution. RSDs are at the ± (0.5–0.6)% level (n=10). The concentration for 1% absorption is 0.019, 0.035 and 0.060μg/ml for Zn, Sb and Pb, respectively. The method is suitable for the preconcentration of the metals from a larger volume of the aqueous phase, and has been employed for their determination in standard reference materials. It may be employed for the simultaneous determination of Zn, Pb and Sb in a solution by pH control.     

Predicting the Standard Enthalpy (ΔHo f) and Entropy (So) of Alkanes by Artificial Neural Networks

Abstract

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with Extended Delta-Bar-Delta (EDBD) back propagation learning algorithm have been developed to predict the standard enthalpy and entropy of 87 acyclic alkanes. Molecular weight, boiling point and density of the compounds were used as input parameters. The network's architecture and parameters were optimized to give maximum performances. The best network was a 3-6-2 ANN, and the optimum learning epoch was about 1320. The results show that the maximum relative errors of enthalpy and entropy are less than 3%. They reveal that the performances of ANNs for predicting the enthalpy and entropy of alkanes are satisfying.     

Gamma function to Beck–Cohen superstatistics

In this paper, we show a mathematical construction of Beck–Cohen superstatistics in the Bayesian point of view with the help of the two representations of a gamma function. Furthermore, it is shown how some results for superstatistics are related to each other.     

Robustness in deterministic multi-objective linear programming with respect to the relative interior and angle deviation

This paper deals with the robustness issue in deterministic multi-objective linear programming from two new standpoints. It is shown that a robustness notion recently reported in the literature is equivalent to strict efficiency. Corresponding to an efficient solution, a new quantity, robustness order (RO) is defined with respect to the interiority order of the cost matrix in the binding cone. A linear programming problem is provided to calculate the RO of a given efficient solution. The second part of the paper is devoted to investigating the robustness with respect to the eligible angle deviation of the cost matrix in the binding cone. Theoretical results are given to obtain the maximum eligible angle deviation. Finally, the relationship between two above-mentioned robustness standpoints is established. To have a better geometrical view, we prove the results for single-objective LP problems at first, and then we extend them to the multi-objective case. In addition to the theoretical results, some clarifying examples are given.     

关于全国大学生数学竞赛决赛试题的解析与思考

本文对二道全国大学生数学竞赛决赛试题(数学类)给予了诠释与解析.     

毛细管气相色谱法分析液化石油气中二甲醚

建立了液化石油气中二甲醚的毛细管气相色谱分析方法.利用丙酮作为溶剂吸收液化石油气中二甲醚,采用HP-1毛细管色谱柱进行分离,以氢火焰离子化检测器检测,外标法进行定量分析.二甲醚的体积分数在0.5%～30.0%范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好线性关系,二甲醚的定量下限为0.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.3%～7.3%(n=6...     

中药普乐安片质量标准研究

建立中药普乐安片的质量标准.采用TLC法对普乐安片中主要有效成分山奈酚-3-O-β-D-(2-O-β-D-葡萄糖基)吡喃葡萄糖苷(KMP)进行定性鉴别.采用HPLC法对普乐安片中主要有效成分山奈酚-3,4′-双-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(KMG)和山奈酚-3-O-β-D-(2-O-β-D-葡萄糖基)吡喃葡萄糖苷进行含量测定...     

仪器定量分析中几个问题的探讨

详细介绍了分析方法的评价指标,包括检出限、测定限、灵敏度、精密度、准确度、动态范围和线性范围、抗干扰能力等,单因素优化方法与加标回收实验评定测定结果准确度的可靠性,并就分析工作中遇到的一些实际问题进行了讨论.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定富马酸二甲酯时内标物的选择

探讨了当采用气相色谱-质谱法测定富马酸二甲酯(DMFU)时内标物的选择问题。采用HP-5MS毛细管色谱柱,在50℃～300℃范围内程序升温分离及采用在50～400amu范围内全扫描方式和选择离子监测模式检测。试验结果表明:以丙二酸二甲酯(DMM)、丙二酸二乙酯(DEM)和戊二酸二甲酯(DMG)作为内标物,既能保持DMFU与3种内标物有良好的分离度,又能保持长久的稳定性,且3种内标物与DMFU的保留时间差均小于2.8min。DMFU的线性范围均为0.005～5.0mg·L~(-1)。方法用于实际样品中DMFU的测定,以上3种物质作为内标,所得结果无显著差别,因此DMM、DEM、DMG均可作为比较理想的内标物用于日常用品中DMFU的检测。